122 names of countries in Spanish

Country names in Spanish can be tricky. As a beginning Spanish learner, it’s easy to mix up the names of countries and the adjectives used to describe people or things from those countries. For example, even native speakers sometimes confuse the names of European countries like Sweden (Suecia) and Switzerland (Suiza) and their associated nationalities (sueco and suizo, respectively). 

But it’s not all bad news. After all, there are two whole continents (North America and South America) where many of the Spanish names for countries are the same as in English. 

To keep it all straight, we’ve put together a solid list of country names in Spanish. We’ve even included the nationalities in Spanish. This is important because sometimes they don’t match!

• Europe
• Asia
• Australia and Oceania
• Africa
• North America
• South America
• A note on gender and nationality in Spanish

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Europe

Country names in Spanish for European nations tend to be the most different from English.

Country in Spanish	Country in English	Nationality in Spanish	Nationality in English
1. Islandia	Iceland	islandés	Icelandic
2. Irlanda	Ireland	irlandes	Irish
3. Reino Unido	United Kingdom	británico	British
3a. Gales	Wales	galés	Welsh
3b. Escocia	Scotland	escocés	Scottish
3c. Inglaterra	England	inglés	English
4. Noruega	Norway	noruego	Norwegian
5. Suecia	Sweden	sueco	Swedish
6. Finlandia	Finland	finlandés	Finnish
7. Rusia	Russia	ruso	Russian
8. Portugal	Portugal	portugués	Portuguese
9. Francia	France	francés	French
10. Mónaco	Monaco	monegasco	Monégasque
11. Bélgica	Belgium	belga	Belgian
12. Países Bajos	Netherlands	neerlandés	Dutch
13. Alemania	Germany	alemán	German
14. Dinamarca	Denmark	danés	Danish
15. Polonia	Poland	polaco	Polish
16. Lituania	Lithuania	lituano	Lithuanian
17. Letonia	Latvia	letón	Latvian
18. Estonia	Estonia	estonio	Estonian
19. Ucrania	Ukraine	ucraniano	Ukrainian
20. Rumania	Romania	rumano	Romanian
21. Grecia	Greece	griego	Greek
22. Croacia	Croatia	croata	Croatian
23. Hungría	Hungary	húngaro	Hungarian
24. Austria	Austria	austriaco	Austrian
25. Chequia	Czechia	checo	Czech
26. Eslovaquia	Slovakia	eslovaco	Slovakian
27. Suiza	Switzerland	suizo	Swiss
28. Italia	Italy	italiano	Italian
29. Ciudad del Vaticano	Vatican City	vaticano	Vaticanian or Vaticano
30. Chipre	Cyprus	chipriota	Cypriot
31. Turquía	Turkey	turco	Turkish

Asia

Country in Spanish	Country in English	Nationality in Spanish	Nationality in English
32. Siria	Syria	sirio	Syrian
33. Líbano	Lebanon	libanés	Lebanese
34. Palestina	Palestine	palestino	Palestinian
35. Arabia Saudita	Saudi Arabia	saudí	Saudi Arabian
36. Irak	Iraq	iraquí	Iraqi
37. Irán	Iran	iraní	Iranian
38. Kazajistán	Kazakhstan	kazajo	Kazakhstani or Kazakh
39. Afganistán	Afghanistan	afgano	Afghanistani or Afghan
40. Pakistán	Pakistan	pakistaní	Pakistani
41. India	India	indio	Indian
42. Sri Lanka	Sri Lanka	esrilanqués	Sri Lankan
43. Birmania	Myanmar	birmano	Burmese
44. Tailandia	Thailand	tailandés	Thai
45. Laos	Laos	laosiano	Laotian
46. Camboya	Cambodia	camboyano	Cambodian
47. Vietnam	Vietnam	vietnamita	Vietnamese
48. Malasia	Malaysia	malasio	Malaysian
49. Singapur	Singapore	singapurense	Singaporean
50. Indonesia	Indonesia	indonés	Indonesia
51. Mongolia	Mongolia	mongol	Mongolian
52. China	China	chino	Chinese
53. Corea del Sur	South Korea	surcoreano	South Korean
54. Japón	Japan	japonés	Japanese
55. Taiwán	Taiwan	taiwanés	Taiwanese
56. Filipinas	Philippines	filipino	Filipino

Australia and Oceania

Country in Spanish	Country in English	Nationality in Spanish	Nationality in English
57. Papúa Nueva Guinea	Papua New Guinea	papú	Papua New Guinean
58. Australia	Australia	australiano	Australian
59. Nueva Zelanda	New Zealand	neozelandés	New Zealander
60. Palaos	Palau	palauano	Palauan
61. Micronesia	Micronesia	micronesio	Micronesian
62. Islas Marshall	Marshall Islands	marshalés	Marshallese
63. Samoa	Samoa	samoano	Samoan
64. Tonga	Tonga	tongano	Tongan
65. Fiyi	Fiji	fiyiano	Fijian

Africa

Country Names in Spanish	Country in English	Nationalities in Spanish	Nationality in English
66. Argelia	Algeria	argelino	Algerian
67. Túnez	Tunisia	tunecino	Tunisian
68. Libia	Libya	libio	Libyan
69. Egipto	Egypt	egipcio	Egyptian
70. Sudán	Sudan	sudanés	Sudanese
71. Etiopía	Ethiopia	etíope	Ethiopian
72. Yibuti	Djibouti	yibutiano	Djiboutian
73. Kenia	Kenya	keniano	Kenyan
74. Tanzania	Tanzania	tanzano	Tanzanian
75. Uganda	Uganda	ugandés	Ugandan
76. Ruanda	Rwanda	ruandés	Rwandan
77. Mozambique	Mozambique	mozambiqueño	Mozambican
78. Zimbabue	Zimbabwe	zimbabuense	Zimbabwean
79. Namibia	Namibia	namibio	Namibian
80. Sudáfrica	South Africa	sudafricano	South African
81. Madagascar	Madagascar	malgache	Malagasy
82. República Democrática del Congo	Democratic Republic of Congo	congoleño	Congolese
83. Camerún	Cameroon	camerunés	Cameroonian
84. República Centroafricana	Central African Republic	centroafricano	Central African
85. Angola	Angola	angoleño	Angolan
86. Chad	Chad	chadiano	Chadian
87. Níger	Niger	nigerino	Nigerien
88. Nigeria	Nigeria	nigeriano	Nigerian
89. Malí	Mali	maliense	Malian
90. Benín	Benin	beninés	Beninese
91. Togo	Togo	togolés	Togolese
92. Ghana	Ghana	ghanés	Ghanaian
93. Mauritania	Mauritania	mauritano	Mauritanian
94. Sierra Leona	Sierra Leone	sierraleonés	Sierra Leonean
95. Liberia	Liberia	liberiano	Liberian
96. Burkina Faso	Burkina Faso	burkinés	Burkinabè
97. Guinea	Guinea	guineano	Guinean
98. Guinea Bisseau	Guinea Bisseau	bisauguineano	Bissau-Guinean
99. Marruecos	Morocco	marroquí	Moroccan

North America

Country Names in Spanish	Country in English	Nationalities in Spanish	Nationality in English
100. Canadá	Canada	canadiense	Canadian
101. Estados Unidos	United States	estadounidense	American
102. México	Mexico	mexicano	Mexican
103. Guatemala	Guatemala	guatemalteco	Guatemalan
104. Belice	Belize	beliceño	Belizean
105. Honduras	Honduras	hondureño	Honduran
106. El Salvador	El Salvador	salvadoreño	Salvadorian
107. Nicaragua	Nicaragua	nicaragüense	Nicaraguan
108. Panamá	Panama	panameño	Panamanian
109. Costa Rica	Costa Rica	costarricense	Costa Rican
110. Jamaica	Jamaica	jamaiquino	Jamaican
111. Cuba	Cuba	cubano	Cuban
112. Haití	Haiti	haitiano	Haitian
113. República Dominicana	Dominican Republic	dominicano	Dominican
114. Trinidad y Tobago	Trinidad and Tobago	trinitense	Trinidadian or Tobagonian

South America

Country Names in Spanish	Country in English	Nationalities in Spanish	Nationality in English
115. Colombia	Colombia	colombiano	Colombian
116. Venezuela	Venezuela	venezolano	Venezuelan
117. Brasil	Brazil	brasileño	Brazilian
118. Uruguay	Uruguay	uruguayo	Uruguayan
119. Argentina	Argentina	argentino	Argentinian
120. Bolivia	Bolivia	boliviano	Bolivian
121. Chile	Chile	chileno	Chilean
122. Perú	Peru	peruano	Peruvian

A note on gender and nationality in Spanish

For female nouns, the nationality must be written accordingly. You do this by adding an “a” at the end (if the word ends in a consonant) or by swapping the final “o” for an “a.” For example:

• Icelandic → islandés/islandesa 
• British → británico/británica

If the nationality already ends in “e,” “a” or “i,” nothing changes. For example:

• Ethiopian → etíope
• Croat → croata
• Moroccan → marroquí

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Most of the country names in Spanish

Learning country names in Spanish helps you talk about a lot of topics: politics, travel, where you’re from and more. For many countries, the names in Spanish are not that different. But the nationalities can be a bit trickier. Remember that country names in Spanish are capitalized, but nationalities are not. Now, get out there and impress with your knowledge of language and geography!

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